试论抗战时期国民政府对四川汽车燃料的管理

National Government's Gas Management in Sichuan During the Anti-Japanese War

抗战全面爆发后不久,国民政府迁重庆,四川一省的汽车燃料消耗顿时大增,而在日军的封锁下,汽油难以进口,油荒日益严重。为了应对这种严重局面,国民政府逐渐放开对汽油的进口,鼓励官商运送汽油到川云贵腹地。同时,国民政府还严格控制汽油的消耗。此外,政府还努力寻求汽油的代用品,比如酒精、木炭和桐油。在这一系列努力之下,四川公路运输终于熬过了最艰难的岁月。

Soon after the breakout of the Anti-Japanese War, the National government moved its capital to Chongqing, which resulted in a remarkable increase of gas consumption. Unfortunately, the Japanese army＇s blockade caused more and more serious oil shortage because it was difficult to import it. To cater to the problem, the National government gradually released oil import and encouraged official business to transport oil to the middle of Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan. At the same time, the government exerted powerful control on oil consumption. Moreover, it made every effort to seek for oil substitutes such as alcohol, charcoal and Tong oil. Thanks to its efforts, Sichuan＇s road transportation managed to struggle through the most difficult years.