青藏铁路建设期间鼠疫防治

The control of plague during the construction of Qinghai-Tibet railway

目的全面总结青藏铁路建设期间鼠疫防治工作。方法对2001～2006年青藏铁路沿线的鼠疫监测、宣传教育、实地演练、新技术应用等方面工作进行总结，结合历史资料对青藏铁路建设期间鼠疫防治工作进行全面分析。结果2001～2006年在青藏铁路沿线周边地区共发生动物鼠疫24县次，分离鼠疫菌81株，发生人间鼠疫4次，发病6人，死亡3人；但是青藏铁路建设工区内取得了人间鼠疫的“零”发生，邻近地区内动物间疫情提前被监测并有效控制的辉煌成果。结论在卫生部和铁道部的直接领导下，中国疾病预防控制中心和西藏、青海两省（区）的鼠疫防治工作人员在青藏铁路施工期间，取得了前所未有的辉煌成就，为青藏铁路的施工建设提供了充分的卫生安全保障，其成功经验足以为其他大型工程建设期间的鼠疫卫生学评价提供借鉴。

Objective To sum up overall control work of plague during constructing Qinghai -Tibet railway. Methods Summarising overall plague surveillance, conduction and education, spot drill on the both of Qinghai -Tibet railway in 2001 to 2006 and analyse overall the work of controlling plague with historial information during the construction of Qinghai - Tibet rail- way. Results There had occurred animal plague twenty - four county/times, occurred man plague four times, ill six people and dead three people on the around areas on the both sides of Qinghai - Tibet railway in 2001 to 2006. But on the spot of railway construction we have achieved brilliant achievements that man plague haven＇t happened, that epidemic disease on animals around areas have been controlled ahead and effectively. Conclusions With the leadership of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Railway , the staff of CDC and Tibet and QingHai on plague control during the work have achieved unknown good results and have provided enough safe guarantee of health for the construction of Qinghai - Tibet railway and its successful experience will provide enough help for evaluation of plague hygiene of other big construction of projects.