石香薷挥发油提取工艺研究

Study on Extraction Technology of Mosla chinensis Volatile Oil

目的:研究有机溶剂及二氧化碳超临界萃取提取石香薷挥发油的提取条件,对比不同方法提取的挥发油成分上的差异。方法:有机溶剂和二氧化碳超临界萃取提取石香薷挥发油,成分分析采用GC-MS。结果:有机溶剂法提取石香薷挥发油的最佳提取条件为:提取总时间210 m in,溶剂与原料的投放总比例8∶1(m l∶g),提取温度65℃,提取率可达1.83%。超临界CO2法萃取石香薷挥发油,萃取率为3.4%。GC-MS分析鉴定结果表明:超临界CO2法萃取的石香薷挥发油主要成分为百里香酚,香荆芥酚,对聚伞花素,葎草烯等,其中百里香酚含量最高,占挥发油总量的56.25%,其次是香荆芥酚为19.21%;有机溶剂提取的挥发油中百里香酚和香荆芥酚的含量分别为58.33%和22.54%。结论:有机溶剂提取与超临界提取各具优点,有机溶剂法提取百里香酚和香荆芥酚含量高于超临界提取法,超临界法提取成分则多于有机溶剂提取法,本实验采用的超临界提取条件下有10种化合物首次在石香薷挥发油中发现。

Objective： To study the techniques of organic solvent extraction method and supercritical CO2 extraction for extracting Mosla chinensis Maxim volatile oil（ MCMVO）, and to analyze its chemical compositions. Methods： Organic solvent extraction method and supercritical CO2 extraction were used to extract the oil and GC-MS was used to analyze its chemical compositions. Results： The best extraction techniques of organic solvent method to extract volatile oil should be divided into two steps, total time was 210 minutes, the total proportions of input of the solvent and raw materials was 8：1 （ml： g）, and temprature was 65℃, its extraction rate was 1.83%. The MCMVO was extracted by supercritical CO2 , and its extraction rate was 3.4%. GC-MS was used to analyze volatile oil, the results suggested MCMVO contain thymol, carvacrol, P-cycmene, humulene etc. The thymol had the highest content accounts for 56. 25%, and the carvacrol was 19.21%. The content of thymol and carvacrol of MCMVO extracted by organic solvent was 58. 33% and 22. 54%. Conclusion： the content of thymol and carvacrol extracted by organic solvent extraction method is higher than that extrac- ted by supercritical CO2 extraction method. Chemical compositions extracted by organic solvent extraction method are less than extracted by supercritical CO2 extraction method. 10 compositions are firstly extracted by supercritical CO2 extraction method.