山东省审定大豆品种的产量、品质及株型演变

Development of yield,quality and plant type of released and registered summer-sowing soybean varieties in Shandong province

自1982年开展农作物品种审定工作以来，山东省共有50个大豆品种通过国家或省级审定，分析了这50个审（认）定品种的区域试验平均产量、最高产量、蛋白质含量、脂肪含量和生育期、株高、主茎节数、有效分枝数、单株荚数、百粒重等农艺性状。结果表明，区域试验平均产量由1982-1985年的1892．73kg／hm^2提高到2001～2005年的2820．67kg／hm^2，增幅为49．0％；最高产量由3072．0kg／hm^2提高到4389．3kg／hm^2，提高了42．9％；蛋白质和脂肪含量随时代和选育目的的不同而在37．00％～46．44％和16．80％～22．50％之间变化。山东省夏大豆的理想株型应是株高70-80cm，主茎节数14～16节，有效分枝1～2个，并且在此基础上，有密而均匀的结荚。

Shandong province released 50 summer-sowing soybean [Glycine max（L. ）Mree. ] varieties during 1982 to 2005. We analyzed the average yield, highest yield, protein content, fat content, and agronomic characteristics such as plant height, nodes number of main stem, effective branch number per plant, pods number, and 100-seed weight of the released varieties. The results showed that the average yield was increased to 2 820. 67 kg/hm^2during 2001-2005 based on 1 892. 73 kg/hm^2during 1982-1985; and the highest yield reached to 4 389.3 kg/hm^2 in 2001-2005 with the increase ratio of 42. 9%. The seeds protein content ranged from 37.00% to 46.44G ; fat content ranged from 16.80% to 22.50%, that varied with the breeding aims. And it was proposed that the ideal plant type of summer-sowing soybean in Shandong province was with 70~80 cm stem height, 14-16 nodes on the main stem, 1- 2 effective branches, and with even and dense pod.