氨基磺酸系两性表面活性剂的一种新合成法

A novel method for synthesizing amphoteric surfactants of amino-sulfonic acid series

给出了氨基磺酸系两性表面活性剂的一种新合成方法。采用烷基胺、甲醛和无机磺化剂(NaHSO3或Na2SO3)为原料,先经两步合成出酸式产物,再由第三步固相成盐反应得最终目标产物;同时对反应影响因素进行了讨论。优选条件为:m(烷基胺)∶m(HCHO)∶m(无机磺化剂)=1.0∶1.6∶3.5;第一步反应于pH11.0~12.0、50℃~60℃下进行4.5 h^5.0 h;第二步反应于pH 1.8~2.0下进行6.0 h;第三步反应n(酸式产物)∶n(NaOH)=1.0∶2.0~1.0∶2.05,此时产率达86.7%。结果还表明:温度与pH是影响反应的主要因素;前两步反应的滤液可分别连续循环使用,使工艺绿色化。

A novel method for synthesizing the amino- sulfonic acid series amphoteric surfactants was developed. Alkyl amine, formaldehyde and inorganic sulfonating reagents （NaHSO3 or Na2SO3） were used as the starting materials and an acidic intermediate was prepared in the first and second two steps. Then, with the third step of solid phase salt forming reaction, the final product was obtained. Factors that effect the reaction were studied. The optimal conditions are as follows： m （alkyl amine）： m（HCHO） ： m（inorganic sulfonating reagent） = 1.0： 1.6：3.5. The first step reaction time is 4.5 h - 5.0 h at pH = 11.0- 12.0 and 50 ℃ - 60 ℃. The second step reaction time is 6.0 h at pH = 1.8 - 2.0. The third step reaction was carried at a molar ratio of n （acid product） ： n （NaOH） = 1.0 ： 2.0 - 1.0 ： 2.05. The product yield achieves 86.7 %. The results also indicated that temperature and pH are the main factors that effect the reaction. The filtrate of the first and second two reactions can be recycled and reused, so that the waste water formed from the process can be minimized.