5.80mm 枪弹狗下颌硬软组织复合贯通伤模型的建立

An animal model of the lower jaw penetrating wound in dogs by 5.80mm gunshot (bullet)

以国产Ｄ５．８０ｍｍ枪弹致伤狗下颌部，造成狗下颌硬软组织复合贯通伤，观察、分析该模型的基本特点。研究结果显示，５．８０ｍｍ枪弹以９６１．１８±８．９ｍ／ｓ的撞击速度在狗下颌至颌下造成入口小、出口大的硬软组织复合贯通伤，其能量传递率为８．５９％±３．１２％，枪弹撞击１５００μｓ后在伤道内形成瞬时空腔，狗伤后通过一般常规救治都能成活，局部伤及下颌骨体部、咀嚼肌、下齿槽神经血管束、面神经、牙齿等组织器官，伤道内可见严重的二次弹片伤痕迹，在下颌骨体内侧颌下区有一巨大的伤腔。该模型准确性、稳定性、重复性好，局部伤情具有典型的代表性，并有一定的复杂性，是一种较理想的颌面枪弹伤模型。

This paper introduces a new lower jaw wound model by small calibre gunshot.5.80mm gunshot was used to make wound involving hard and soft tissues at the lower jaw in dogs and then the characteristics of the wound were observed and analysed. 5.80mm bullet impacted dogs' lower jaw with 961±8.9m/s velocity and produced a kind of the penetrating wound from the lower jaw to submandible area.The exit was wider than the entrance.The rate energy uptake was 8.59%±3.12%. There was a temporary cavity.Various tissues and organs around the wound track including mandible, masticatory muscles, inferior alveolar nerve,facial nerve,and tooth were damaged. Serious secondary fragments' injuries and a huge permanent cavity inside the mandible were observed.The dogs lived easily after general emergence treatment. This study shows that this model may represent the gunshot wounds in maxillofacial area.