金属内支架和局部治疗相结合治疗肝门部胆管癌

Treatment of hepatic portal cholangiocarcinoma with combination of metallic stent and local therapy

目的：提高肝门部胆管癌疗效，延长生存时间、改善生存质量。材料与方法：２４例非手术肝门部胆管癌患者先行ＰＴＣＤ减黄术，其中１８例再行局部治疗（胆道内照射或局部化疗）并留置金属内支架１周后拔去引流管，另６例仅行ＰＴＣＤ治疗。结果：２４例行ＰＴＣＤ治疗后，２２例总胆红素下降，未见改变的２例在１个月内死亡。１８例行局部治疗并留置金属内支架的病例，平均生存１０个月，最长２４个月。平均无管（指拔去引流管）生存为５．５个月，最长为１７个月。另６例平均生存２个月，最长为６个月。结论：（１）行局部治疗并留置金属内支架病例的生存时间明显长于单纯ＰＴＣＤ治疗的病例。（２）ＰＴＣＤ后胆红素未见改变或上升者预后不佳。（３）ＰＴＣＤ后的胆道内留置金属内支架与局部治疗相结合是非手术治疗肝门部胆管癌的有效方法。

Purpose: To improve the therapeutic effectiveness of hilar cholangiocarcinoma and prolong the survival period by stenting and local therapy. Materials and methods: Twenty four patients (men 8, women 16) with hilar cholangiocarcinoma were treated by percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography and drainage (PTCD), 18 of them were treated by local therapy and placement of stents, then PTCD tubes were pulled out one week later. Another 6 patients were treated only by PTCD. Results: Among 24 patients receiving PTCD, total bilirubin value was decreased in 22 patients, and no change occurred in 2 patients, who died within 1 month. For the 18 patients receiving combined treatment of local therapy and placement of metallic stents after PTCD, the mean survival period was 10 months and the longest survival period was 24 months, while the mean survival period with tube free was 5.5 months, and the longest survival period with tube free was 17 months. Another 6 patients were treated only by PTCD, with mean survival period of 2 months and the longest survival period of 6 months. Conclusion: (1) The survival time for patients receiving local therapy and placement of metallic stent was much longer than those receiving PTCD alone. (2) Unfavorable prognosis occurred when BIL level had no change or even an increase after PTCD. (3) The combination of placement of metallic stents and local therapy after PTCD offered an effective nonoperative method in the treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma.