生态足迹在中国城市发展中的应用

Application of Ecological Footprint in Chinese Cities' Development

利用生态足迹分析法的基本原理和计算模型,以2005年各城市统计年鉴为依据,对中国不同城市2004年的可持续发展进行了实证研究.研究结果表明:2004年香港生态足迹最大,为4.8676 hm2/cap,而香港的生态承载力仅为0.0399 hm2/cap,需求是供给的122倍,上海生态足迹仅次于香港,以下依次是北京、天津、青岛、沈阳、深圳和重庆.2004年香港生态效率最高,为3.9299万元/hm2,深圳次之,以下依次是上海、沈阳、青岛、北京、天津和重庆.与香港相比,中国内地城市生态效率还有很大的差距.

The principles and mathematical model of ecological footprint are introduced in the case studies of Chinese cities in 2004 and applied to their sustainable development. The results show that the ecological footprint in Hong Kong was the biggest： 4. 867 6 hm^2/cap, where the ecological capacity was just 0. 039 hm^2/cap, the former was 122 times higher than the latter. Shanghai was the next one in respect to ecological footprint, with Beijing, Tianjin, Qingdao, Shenyang, Shenzhen and Chongqing following it in sequence. As to the ecological efficiency in 2004, Hong Kong is tiptop： 39 299 yuan/hm^2, with Shenzhen, Shanghai, Shenyang, Qingdao, Beijing, Tianjin and Chongqing following it in sequence. It＇s revealed that there were big gaps of ecological efficiency between the cities in Chinese Mainland and Hong Kong.