摘要
以内蒙古某矿区的煤矸石为研究对象,采用试验模拟法对煤矸石中的重金属的淋滤特征进行研究。结果表明:经过8d的淋滤试验,重金属淋滤强度达到稳定,各个样品中各元素的最大淋出率平均值为:Cd>Cr>Pb>Cu>Hg>As;Hg,Cr,Cd元素的最大淋出率与样品中元素背景值负相关;淋滤液中的As来源于硫化物的风化;煤矸石中重金属对环境的影响主要发生在淋滤初期,且重金属在自然条件下的淋滤过程对环境的影响较小,只有Cr和Cd的浓度超过了国家地表水Ⅲ类水质标准。
Taking the cocal gangue from inner mongolia as research object, a research about the leaching characteristics of heavy metals in coal gangue was carried on by laboratory simulation. The result shows that the dissolution of heavy metals achieves equilibrium after 8 days, The equilibrium concentrations order of heavy metals are Cd 〉Cr 〉Pb 〉Cu 〉Hg 〉As. The leaching concentrations of three elements, including Hg, Cr and Cd, have reverse correlation with context values. The As comes from airslaked sulfide. The environmental effect of heavy metals mainly happens at the initial stages of leaching, which is little in natural condition. According to the environmental quality standard of surface water, the maximum leaching concentrations of Cr and Cd are over the third level standard values.
关键词
淋虑特征
最大淋出浓度
环境效应
Leaching characteristics
Maximum leaching concentration
Environmental effect
