西北地区地下水资源分布及开发利用状况

Distribution of Groundwater Resources and the State of Development and Utilization in the Northwestern Area

在对西北地区地下水资源分布特征及其开发利用状况,开发利用程度,超采及开采潜力区进行分析基础上,提出了西北地区地下水资源在开发利用过程中存在的河流上中游用水过多,造成下游河道干涸,地下水位下降,荒漠化,沙漠化扩大;灌溉等盐渍化有所扩展,草场退化等环境问题;建议根据水资源潜力和环境容量制定合理开发规划,量入为出,以供定需。以系统观点整体规划流域上、下流的供水;规划管理必须确保绿洲的安全用水和生态用水,坚持经济与环境协调发展。

On the basis of analyzing distribution characteristics, exploitation and utilization status, excessive exploitation and potential exploitation district of groundwater resources in the Northwestern area, putting forward some environmental questions for the process of groundwater resources exploitation and utilization in the Northwestern area, such as, too much water is used for the upstream and middle reaches of a river, which lead to river downstream dry, groundwater table declining, expansion of desertification and desertification, development of salinization, and grassland degradation. Suggesting that set down the reasonable exploitation and utilization programming on the basis of water resources potential and environmental capacity. Programming the water supply of river upstream and downstream wholly by systemic perspective. Programming and management should insure the safety and ecology of water utilization of oasis. Insist on the coordinated development of economy and environment.