塔克拉玛干沙漠区地下水空间信息统计特征与变异性分析

Analysis of the Spatial Variability and Statistical Characteristics of Groundwater in the Taklimakan Desert

通过采集水样、开展地下水现场调查,以及地下水化学成分实验分析等,本文分析和论述了塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘安迪尔河下游、塔里木沙漠公路沿线地下水化学成分等空间信息的统计特征及变异性。沙漠区地下水化学成分单因子与偏相关分析表明,沙漠公路北段地下水矿化度与Na+、Mg2+、Ca2+的偏相关性非常显著,与HCO-3的偏相关性较显著,与其它离子的偏相关性不显著。沙漠公路南段地下水矿化度与SO42-、HCO3-、Cl-偏相关性极显著,与Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+偏相关性较显著,与其它离子偏相关性不显著。安迪尔河下游地下水矿化度与HCO-3、SO42-、Cl-、Na+偏相关性极显著,与Mg2+、Ca2+偏相关性较显著,与其它离子偏相关性不显著。利用SPSS统计软件计算地下水中主要离子变异系数,结果表明沙漠公路南段地下水位埋深和电导率的变异系数明显地小于安迪尔河下游和沙漠公路北段,属于低变异强度;安迪尔河下游区地下水位埋深的变异系数较大,属于高变异。沙漠公路北段地下水化学成分各观测值平均最小,并具有最小的变异系数;沙漠公路南段次之,变异系数居中;而在安迪尔河下游普遍较大,变异系数相应较大。电导率表现出相反性质,平均值越小,变异系数越大。

This paper analyzed the characteristics of chemical composition and spatial variability of groundwater in the lower reaches of Andier river in the south edge of Taklimakan desert and along the desert highway in Tarim basin by means of collecting water samples, investigating groundwater and analyzing of chemical composition of groundwater. The single gene of groundwater chemist component in desert with partial interfix analyze indicated that, in the north of desert highway, partial correlation of groundwater mineralize degree is highly notability with Na^＋ . Mg^2＋ .Ca^2＋ , and relatively notable with HCO3^-, but there is no notability with other ions. In the south of desert highway, partial correlation of groundwater mineralize degree is extraordinary notability with SO4^2-. HCO3^- .Cl^- and quite notability with Na^＋ .Ca^2＋ 、 Mg^2＋ , but there is no partial correlation with any else ions. In the lower reaches of Andier river, partial correlation of groundwater mineralize degree is extraordinary notability with HCO3 .SO4^2-、Cl .Na^＋ , and quite notability with Mg^2＋ .Ca^2＋ , but there is no partial correlation with any other ions. Calculating the variability coefficients of main ions in groundwater by SPSS statistical software. The result indicate that the variability coefficients of groundwater level depth and electrical conductivity in the south of desert highway are obviously smaller than the lower reaches of Andier river and the north of desert highway. It belongs to low degree of variation. The variability coefficients of groundwater level depth are bigger in the lower reaches of Andier river, and belongs to high degree of variation. The observed values of groundwater chemical compositions are the smallest in the north of desert highway and the variability coefficients are also the smallest. Those of the south of desert highway are the second smallest and the variability coefficients are in middle. But they are generally bigger in the lower reaches of Andier river and the variability coefficients too. Electricity guide ratio put up the opposite character, when the average value is small, the variability coefficient is big.