小兴安岭森林采伐对土壤侵蚀和河流泥沙量的影响

Effect of Forest Cutting on Soil Erosion and River Silt in Xiaoxing'an Mountains Region

为了研究小兴安岭林区森林采伐对土壤侵蚀及河流泥沙量的影响，选择带岭实验局具有代表性的采伐迹地为研究对象，按其不同坡度及对土壤的破坏程度进行土壤侵蚀测定和调查；同时选择汤旺河下游干流的晨明站为河流泥沙量研究点，收集并分析了３６ａ的泥沙资料，结果表明：小兴安岭原始红松林皆伐后，采伐迹地均产生不同程度的土壤侵蚀现象。其中，集材道、凋落物被破坏处及陡坡地段，土壤侵蚀较为严重。森林采伐可使一些局部地区的土壤侵蚀加剧，但就整个汤旺河流域，森林采伐还没有导致河流含沙量的明显增加。同时，森林植被的迅速更新，森林复被率的提高也对减少河流泥沙起到了重要作用。

The investigation and determination of soil erosion were made in the representative forest cutover areas of Dailing Experimental Forest Bureau by different degrees of slope and damaged level to soil The river silt investigation was made at the lower reaches of Tangwang River and the data of river silt of 36 years were collected and analyzed Soil erosion occurred in varying degrees after the primary Korean pine forest was cut, and it was getting relatively serious on logging road, litter destroyed area and steep slope Regarding the whole Tangwang river, Forest cutting did not cause the silt content to increase obviously even though forest cutting made soil erosion intensify in some areas Fast regeneration of forest vegetation and increase of forest coverage play an important role in decreasing silt content of the river