地质灾害图形图象分析系统在天津地面沉降分析中的应用

DEVELOPMENT OF GHMIAS SYSTEM AND ITS APPLICATION TO ANALYSIS OF SPATIAL SUBSIDENCE IN TIANJIN CITY

地质灾害的分布和发生发展过程具有空间特性，其影响因素具有自身的特点和复杂性。作者开发的地质灾害图象分析系统（ＧＨＭＩＡＳ）是以典型地质灾害为主要对象、以空间信息管理和分析为主要功能的应用性地理信息系统，该系统有独特的空间分析模型扩充，融矢量、栅格和Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ图形用户对象为一体，支持多种数据格式相互转换，具有丰富的制图功能和高质量的制图输出，可以快速生成灾害专题图件。利用ＧＨＭＩＡＳ对京津唐区域地质灾害的分布规律、发生机理、影响因素、发展趋势等进行了大量的应用分析，对天津市区地面沉降过程及未来发展趋势等取得了有益的成果，体现出ＧＨＭＩＡＳ在解决地质灾害空间分布特征、发生发展规律。

Geological hazards are the serious natural disasters that harm the living of mankind Its distribution, occurrence and process are of spatial character, and the influencing factors of them having their own features and complexity GHMIAS--The Geological Hazards Map and Image Analytical System is a kind of applied geological information system (GIS) Besides the basic functions of GIS ,such as input, management,display, processing and output, etc , this newly developed system has fairly abundant GIS functions for analyzing and modeling as well as unique spatial analysis model extension The authors made out a lot of analysis on the hazards distribution, occurrence mechanism, influencing factors, development trend in Beijing Tianjin Tangshan area The spatial analysis of the subsidence process in urban district of Tianjin City reflects that the land subsidence in this place may still have a increasing trend in total The spatial prediction on the basis of gray theory shows that the mean spatial subsidence in study area will increase from 16 55 mm in 1990 to 19 38～19 77 mm in 1994, and probably will further increase to 22～24 mm in 1996