开展紧急避孕服务保护妇女身心健康

Providing Emergency Contraception. to Protect Women' s Health.

紧急避孕是避孕失败的一种有效补救措施,可有效降低人工流产率,对保护妇女身心健康有积极意义。我国紧急避孕服务尚不普遍,服务提供者和使用者的信息不足及缺乏可行的措施是目前存在的主要问题。通过以报纸为主要媒介的科普宣传后要求紧急避孕咨询和服务的人数明显增加,提示加强宣传是开展紧急避孕的基本措施。据统计,在加强宣传的四个月中,咨询电话的数目多达6000余次,1995年9月～1996年8月共为1000例妇女提供了紧急避孕服务,反映出群众对紧急避孕服务的迫切需求。建立热线电话也是便利群众和加强宣传的有效措施。在提供紧急避孕服务时根据紧急避孕服务使用者的特点,尊重其隐私权。对紧急避孕服务的咨询要点是,应说明所提供的紧急避孕服务方案的效果(失败率),可能的副反应及对下次月经的影响,对采用药物紧急避孕的妇女要强调本周期内用药后的避孕,并对今后常规避孕给予切实的指导。对进一步开展紧急避孕的建议包括:加强临床研究、筛选优选方案及促进紧急避孕获得性;以引入性试验方式推广紧急避孕服务及呼吁媒介加强对紧急避孕服务宣传等。

Emergency contraception is an effective compensatory measure which could be taken after unprotected intercourse. A large portion of unwanted pregnancies could be prevented and a substantial number of induced abortion could be avoided by providing of e-mergency contraceptive service. It is beneficial to women' s health. Since June 1995>the emergency contraception service was established in National Research Institute for Family Planning. For introducing emergency contraception into Family Planning program .our experience was reported.Emergency contraception service has not been available in China. The main barriers are lack of information and dedicated products. Publicity mainly by news papers plays very important role for spreading the information. The number of clients who sought for emergency contraception increased obviously immediate after publishing the information. Six thousand phone calls were received through the emergency contraception hot line within 4 months. And more than one thousand clients took the emergency contraceptive pills within 11 months. Providing telephone service is a convenient approach to serve the people. Most of the clients . asking emergency contraception are the younger, unmarried or nulliparous women. Their privacy should be protected. The counselling for emergency contraception should focus on the effi- cacy,possible side effects and delay of menstruation related to the particular regimen. Unprotected intercourse after the pill taken should be carefully avoided. The clients should also be advised for further contraception. The recommendations for making emergency contraception more available are, to enhance clinical study to defive the optimal regimen and make it available. To spread emergency contraception services by organizing an introductory trial in a wider range and to enhance the information with the help of public media.