铝对番茄的毒性及若干生理指标的影响

Aluminum Toxicity in Tomato and Its Effect on Some Physiological Indexes

[目的]探讨铝对番茄的毒害机理。[方法]以黑格尔87-5番茄为研究材料,用浓度分别为10、30、50、70、90、110mg/L的硫酸铝溶液处理番茄种子(蒸馏水为对照),研究不同浓度铝处理对番茄幼苗生长、发芽率、细胞膜透性和过氧化物酶(POD)活性的影响。[结果]铝浓度为30mg/L时,对番茄幼苗株高有促进作用,而对根长有抑制作用;而高浓度铝处理对两者均有抑制作用,且随着浓度的增加抑制作用愈明显。中浓度铝(50mg/L<C<70mg/L)处理对种子萌发有明显促进作用,随着铝浓度的增加,种子萌发率逐渐降低;番茄幼苗细胞膜透性值也上升,铝浓度大于70mg/L时膜透性显著高于对照;随着铝浓度的增大,POD活性呈先上升后下降的趋势,铝浓度为50mg/L时POD活性最高,铝浓度为110mg/L时POD活性最低。[结论]该研究为番茄的栽培和育种提供了理论依据。

[Objective] The objective of the research was to discuss the toxicity mechanism of tomato. [Method] Taking ＂Hegel 87-5＂ tomato as research material, tomato seeds were treated with aluminum sulfate solution at the concentration of 10, 30, 50, 70, 90, 110 mg/L （distilled water as CK）, the effects of different concentrations of aluminum treatment on growth of tomato seedlings, germination rate, cell membrane permeability and peroxidase activity were studied, [Result] When aluminum concentration was at 30 mg/L, aluminum treatment had promotion effects on plant height of tomato seedlings and had inhibitory effects on root length. Aluminum treatment with high concentration had inhibitory effect on the both and the inhibitory effect was more obvious along with the increment of aluminum concentration. Aluminum treatment at middle concentration （50 mg/L〈C〈70 mg/L）had obvious promotion effects on seed germination. As aluminum concentration increased, germination rate of seeds gradually reduced. Cell membrane permeability of tomato seedlings rose with the increment of aluminum concentration. When aluminum concentration was over 70 mg/L, cell membrane permeability was significant higher than that of CK. With the increment of aluminum concentration, POD activity showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. When aluminum concentration was at 50 mg/L, POD activity was highest; when aluminum concentration was at 110 rag/L, POD activity was lowest. [Conclusion] The research provided theoretical basis for tomato cultivation and breeding.