银杏雄株种质资源遗传多样性研究

Study on Genetic Diversity of Male Ginkgo biloba L

[目的]分析银杏雄株种质资源的遗传多样性,为其保存和育种创新奠定基础。[方法]采用改进的CTAB法提取来自11个省的银杏雄株叶片的基因组DNA,随机引物经初筛和复筛后用于RAPD扩增,并运用POPGENE软件分析银杏雄株种质资源的遗传多样性。[结果]从100多对随机引物中筛选出12对扩增带清晰、重复性和多态性好的引物,将其用于RAPD扩增和遗传多样性分析。利用筛选出的12对RAPD引物对40个样品进行PCR扩增,得到96条清晰条带,其中41条有多态性。银杏雄株种质资源的平均有效等位基因数为1.6440,平均基因多样度为0.3752,平均Shannon信息指数为0.5562。[结论]银杏雄株种质资源具有丰富的遗传多样性,对其有效保存和合理利用具有重要意义。

[Objective] The research aimed to analyze the genetic diversity of germplasm resources of male Ginkgo biloba L so as to lay foundation for its conservation and breeding innovation. [Method] The improved CATB method was adopted to extracted genomic DNA in the blades of male ginkgo from 11 provinces, the random primers were used for RAPD amplification after primary and second screening, and genetic diversity of germplasm resources of male ginkgo was analyzed by POPGENE software. [Result] 12 pairs of premiers with clear amplified bands, good repeatability and polymorphism were screened out from more than 100 pairs of random primers for RAPD amplification and analysis of genetic diversity. 12 pairs of RAPD premiers that were screened out were used for PCR amplification on 40 samples, and 96 clear bands were obtained, 41 bands of which had polymorphism. The mean number of effective alleles of germplasm resources of male ginkgo was 1.644 0, the average gene diversity was 0.375 2 and average Shannon information index was 0.556 2. [Conclusion] Germplasm resources of ginkgo had abundant genetic diversity, which had important significance for its effective preservation and reasonable utilization.