病健人参根际土壤真菌种类及数量的研究

Study on the Species and Quantity of Rhizosphere Soil Fungi of Healthy and Root Rot Ginseng

[目的]深入了解人参根际土壤中的病原真菌种类及其分布规律,分离获得有益真菌种类资源,为人参土传病害防治提供生防菌资源。[方法]统计健康人参植株与根腐病人参植株根际土壤中的真菌种类及数量并分析其变化情况。[结果]各地区人参根际土壤中的真菌种类不完全一致,分离出了18个属的52种真菌。青霉、曲霉是土壤中的常见真菌,镰刀菌Fusarium、柱孢菌Cylindrocarpon是部分人参根腐病的病原菌。[结论]根腐病人参根际土壤中的病原菌(镰刀菌、柱孢菌)及拮抗菌(粘帚霉、枝顶孢)种类和数量均有所增加。

[Objective] The purpose was to know the species and distribution law of pathogen fungi in ginseng rhizosphere soil thoroughly, isolate and obtain beneficial fungi species resources and supply bio-control resources for ginseng soil borne disease.[Method] The fungi species and quantity in rhizosphere soil of healthy and root rot ginsengs were counted and their change condition was analyzed.[Result] The fungi species in ginseng rhizosphere soil in each district were not consistent completely and 52 fungi of 18 genera were isolated. Penicillium and aspergillus were common species in soil and Fusarium and Cylindrocarpon were pathogens of partial ginseng root rots.[Conclusion] The group and quantity of pathogen （Fusarium, Cylindrocarpon） and antagonistic bacteria （Gliocladium virens, Acremonium terricola） in rhizosphere soil of root rot ginseng all increased.