非国有企业战略选择与我国二元经济结构转化

The Strategy Choice of Non-State-Owned Enterprises and Dual Economic Structure Transformation in China

本文认为非国有企业是我国二元经济结构转化的主要推进性组织。在此基础上,用国际经济学界使用的比较劳动生产率、二元对比系数及二元反差系数对我国二元经济结构向现代城市一元经济结构转化进程进行了测度。测度显示,我国二元经济结构第二步(1992～2003年)转化效果不如第一步(1978～1991年),甚至第二步转化有使我国城乡差距进一步拉大趋势。通过计算分析得出:我国第二步转化效果差的主要原因之一是我国二元经济结构转化的主要推进性组织——非国有企业选择了资本密集化发展战略。针对这一问题和2004年出现的"民工荒",本文提出非国有企业应选择和实施"新的劳动密集型"发展战略。

One of the great achievement about economic structure innovations in China is the explosive growth of non-state-owned enterprises, it makes our to found the dawn of industrialization and urbanization in our country, which is to say the transformation from dual economic to modern city unitary economic. The paper estimates the course of the transformation from dual economic structure to modern city unitary economic structure, at basis of the viewpoint that the non-state-owned enterprise is primary organization in pushing the transformation of the dual economic structure, with relative labor productivity . dual contrast factor and dual contrast coefficient accepted by the international economic field. The estimation shows that the transformation impact of the second step （1992-2003） is worse than the impact of the first step （1978-1991） about the dual economic structure in China, the second step even enlarges the gap between the city and country, We could get the reason about this situation by calculation and analysis. One of the reason is that when we get the second step of our dual economic structure transformation, the non-state-owned enterprise, as the primary impelling organization, chooses the capital-intensive strategy. This strategy doesn＇t make use of the comparative advantage in abundant agro-labor, and it makes against the realization of industrialization and urbanization in our country. In allusion to this problem and the lack of labors in 2004, the paper suggests that the non-state-owned enterprise, as primary organizations in pushing the transformation of the dual economic structure, should choose and actualize the new labor-intensive developing strategy in order to achieve the persistent and fast transformation from dual economic structure to modern city unitary economic structure.