西藏自治区墨脱县人群盲和低视力现况调查

A survey of blindness and low vision in Motuo county of Tibet

目的探讨与了解西藏自治区墨脱县人群盲与低视力的流行病学变化情况。方法以村为基础，采用随机整群抽样原则，抽取6个行政村作为调查地点。采用世界卫生组织制定的盲与低视力标准，对全县按2．05％抽样比例抽取样本进行盲与低视力的流行病学调查。结果检录821人中，受检人数为735人，受检率为89．52％。双眼盲19人，盲率为2．59％（男性1．72％，女性3．40％）；双眼低视力32人，低视力患病率为4．35％（男性4．02％，女性4．67％）。≥40岁盲及低视力患者的患病率明显增高。致盲的眼病依次为白内障（42．11％）、角膜病（21．05％）及青光眼（15．79％）。结论西藏自治区墨脱县人群中盲和致低视力的眼病以白内障居首位，因此手术治疗白内障仍是今后防盲治盲工作的首要任务。

Objective To investigate the status of blindness and low vision in Motuo county of Tibet. Methods Random cluster sampling based on the village was adopted in this survey. Six villages were chosen as the survey venue. The sampling percentage was 2.05% in the whole population in the county. The criteria of blindness and low vision from World Health Organization were used in the survey. Results 821 individuals were registered. The rate of final participants was 89.52%. The prevalence of bilateral blindness and low vision was found to be 2.59% and 4.35% respectively. Subjects over 40 years old had a significantly higher prevalence of blindness and low vision. The causes leading to blindness and low vision were cataract （42. 11% ）, corneal opacity （21.05%） and glaucoma （ 15.79% ）. Conclusion The leading cause of blindness and low vision is cataract in Motuo county , therefore the surgical application in cases with cataract is the main measure in the treatment of blindness in the county.