境外石油天然气项目的政治风险管理

Political risk management for overseas oil and natural gas projects

产油国不断加强对资源的控制以及地缘政治因素日益突出等原因,使某些境外石油天然气项目面临极大的政治风险。政治风险并不直接来源于一国的政治体制,而是经常来源于东道国政治和社会经济环境在项目协议签署后的改变。民族主义、极端主义以及恐怖主义的活动已经成为跨国经营面临的另一主要政治风险。政治风险管理应做到及时性和具有前瞻性。自我管理、购买保险、战略联盟、合作经营等方式可以有效地管理政治风险。此外,跨国经营的石油企业还应与当地政府建立并保持紧密的关系,积极争取当地民众对项目的支持。

As oil-producing nations tighten their hold on resources and geopolitical factors become increasingly impossible to ignore,some overseas oil and natural gas projects are facing formidable political risks.These risks do not arise directly from the political systems of nations where projects are located;rather,they are often brought about by changes in the political and socioeconomic landscape after the project contract has been signed.Transnational corporations are now facing further risks from nationalism,extremism and terrorism.Political risk management must be timely and forward-looking.Self-management,insurance purchase, strategic alliances and joint operation can all be effective approaches to managing political risk.In addition,petroleum companies with transnational operations must establish and maintain close relations with local governments,and work actively to create popular local support for their projects.