盐度对红树植物影响研究

Review on Influence of Salinity on Mangrove

盐度是红树植物的一个主要环境因素,也是目前红树林造林成活率高低的一个关键因子。由于长期适应潮间带海水环境,红树植物形成了一套适应于一定盐度的耐盐机制。盐度会影响红树植物的组织结构,热值变化,从而对红树植物的生长产生影响。盐胁迫时,红树植物抗氧化酶活性,相容性物质的合成都增强,对不同离子的吸收也会发生改变。综述了盐度对红树植物的影响及相关机理,包括了生长、组织结构、离子水平、抗氧化酶活性、热值变化、相容性物质合成6个方面,指出了今后研究应重视的几个方向。

Salinity is one of the most important environmental factors to mangroves and is a limiting factor for the survival rate of mangrove seedlings. To adapt seawater in the intertidal zones, mangroves have developed a set of mechanisms of salt tolerance. They avoid heavy salt hurt through combination of selective accmnulation of ions, ion compartmentalization, salt excretion and sah exelusion, accumulation or synthesis compatible solutes which are mainly pinitol and matmitol for maintaining osmotic balance, and promotion of antioxidative to scavenge reactive oxygen species. Salinity influences tissue structure and caloric value by which affects growth of mangroves. Under salt stress, activities of antioxidative enzymes and synthesis of compatible solutes are all strengthened, the absorption of differention to be changed too. 6 aspects of salinity influence on mangroves were reviewed in the paper, which arer growth, tissue structure, ion level, activities of antioxidative enzymes, changes of caloric value, synthesis of compatible solutes . A few advanced research fields salinity influence on mangroves were listed.