仿生柔性表面的结构设计及吸附力试验分析

Structure Design and Adhesion Analysis of Bionic Felxible Surface

模仿昆虫脚上光滑型吸附垫表面的结构设计,选用具有黏弹性的硅胶板,分别测试了光滑、带凹槽、带凹坑试样在干的和湿的玻璃表面上的水平摩擦力和垂直吸附力。结构表明在干玻璃表面非光滑结构的接触面积比光滑的要小,具有减粘降阻的作用;而在有一层厚液体膜作媒介时,摩擦力比光滑的要大。有液体时,水平摩擦力是凹槽型的最大,垂直吸附力是凹坑型的最大。有一薄层液体时的湿吸附能力比干吸附大,且液体粘性越大吸附能力越强。这些研究为仿生爬壁机器人的足掌设计提供了有价值的参考。

Imitating structure design of smooth adhesive pads on insect＇ foot, silica gel was selected to test horizontal friction and vertical adhesion of smooth sample, groove sample and pit sample on dry and wet glass. The results show that on dry glass, the cantact area of non-smooth suructure is smaller than that of the slippy sample, so it can reduce friction; yet on a thick liquid surface, the friction of non-smooth surface is larger than slippy surface＇s. When existing liquid, the groove sample has biggest friction and the pit sample has biggest adhesive force. The ability of wet adhesion is larger than that of dry adhesion when a thin liquid film is existed, and the adhesion ability is stronger as liquid viscosity is bigger. These research provide valuable consult for foot design of biomimetic climbing robots.