农村已婚育龄妇女生殖道感染流行情况调查及危险因素分析

The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Reproductive Tract Infections among Rural Married Reproductive Age Women

目的了解农村已婚育龄妇女生殖道感染(RTI)流行情况其危险因素。方法通过整群抽样方法抽取四川省金堂县农村社区一般人群中的已婚育龄妇女作为研究对象,调查内容包括问卷调查、妇科检查和实验室检查,并分析RTI有关危险因素。结果金堂县农村社区已婚育龄妇女RTI总感染率为32.7%,前三位生殖道感染依次为细菌性阴道病(17.8%)、阴道假丝酵母菌感染(9.3%)、沙眼衣原体感染(6.1%)。多因素Logistic逐步回归分析表明:阴道多核白细胞数量≥10/HP是农村社区已婚育龄妇女RTI的危险因素;年龄40～44岁是细菌性阴道病的危险指示因素;家庭年收入5000元以下是阴道假丝酵母菌感染的危险因素。结论金堂县农村社区的已婚育龄妇女RTI患病率较高,细菌性阴道病占RTI第一位。阴道多核白细胞≥10/HP、年龄40～44岁及家庭年收入5000元以下是农村社区已婚育龄妇女生殖道感染的危险因素。

Objective To study the prevalence of reproductive tract infections （RTI） and risk factors among rural married reproductive age women in the community of Jingtang county in Sichuan Province. Methods 670 reproductive women aged 20 -49 years old were cluster sampled from the rural community of Jingtang county. Gynecological examination and RTI laboratory diagnosis were performed for each subject. Standardized questionnaire were designed to collect the information related about RTI. The risk factors were analized. Results Overall,32.7% rural reproductive age women of general population in Jingtang were infected with RTI. The infective ratio of BV,Candida,CT,NG,TV and syphilis were 17.8% ,9.3% ,6.1% ,1.8% ,1.5% and 0.4% successively. The infective ratio of mixed infection was 4.2%. The Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the amount of the polymorphonuclear leukocytes on wet mount more than 10/HP （OR = 3.22,95% CI：1. 68 - 6. 16）was the risk factor for STI;The risk factor for BV was the age between 40-44 years old （OR = 3.29,95% CI：1. 25 - 8.61 ） ;The annual income of family less than 5000 Yuan（RMB） was the risk factor for Candida infection （OR = 2.65,95% CI：1. 09 - 6.44）. Conclusion The prevalence rate of RTI was higher among the women of childbearing age of general population in rural community. The amount of the polymorphonuclear leukocytes on wet mount more than 10/HP, age between 40 -44 years old and the annual income of family less than 5000 Yuan（RMB） were risk factors of RTI.