基于滑模控制理论的车辆横向稳定性控制

Vehicle Lateral Stability Control Based on Sliding Model Control

针对车辆在极限运动工况下转弯或变道行驶时的横向稳定性控制问题,建立以车辆横向速度、横摆角速度及车身侧倾角为状态变量的3自由度非线性动力学模型。在动力学分析的基础上,探讨依靠施加各车轮不同纵向制动力而产生辅助横摆力矩的方法来提高车辆在极限工况下的操纵稳定性。考虑到作为车辆状态变量之一的质心侧偏角难以测量,设计了基于车辆动力学模型及运动学关系相结合的质心侧偏角估计器。运用滑模控制理论,以车辆横摆角速度和质心侧偏角与相应的理想横摆角速度和质心侧偏角之差,作为车辆稳定性控制系统的两类控制输入变量,以车轮纵向制动力矩和方向盘转角为控制目标建立了联合滑模控制系统,通过计算机仿真表明,该控制方法可以有效改善车辆横向稳定性。

In view of the vehicle cornering or path changing under ultimate handling maneuver, a 3-DOF nonlinear vehicle dynamics model which takes the vehicle lateral velocity, yaw rate and body roll angle as the State variables is presented. Based on the dynamic analysis, the method which using additional yaw moment produced by different longitudinal braking force among each wheels to improving vehicle handling stability in emergency situations is discussed. Considering the sideslip angle as one of the vehicle state variables is difficult to measuring, the sideslip angle estimation based on vehicle dynamic model and kinematics is designed. And then, based on the theory of siding model control, the combining sliding model control system is founded, which taking the vehicle yaw rate and body side-slip angle errors between the estimated and the real as the input variables, and taking the braking torque and the steering angle as control aims. The simulation results indicate that the control method can effectively improve the vehicle lateral handling stability.