上海崇明岛东部近20年土地利用变化

Land use change in the eastern part of Chongming Island in Shanghai in recent two decades

在地理信息系统(GIS)的支持下,利用1982和2000年的航空照片对崇明岛东部地区土地利用变化进行了分析.近20年来该地区农业用地、水体、水产养殖场和滩涂为主要景观要素,非农建设用地占总面积比重有所增长,土地利用结构呈现多元化趋势;土地利用类型总量变化显著,农业用地面积增加了4050.21hm2,水产养殖场和绿地分别增加2566.24hm2和901.38hm2,滩涂面积则锐减了7491.24hm2,土地利用年变化率最大的为水产养殖场,达54.64%,其次是绿地、交通、滩涂和农田,分别为13.24%、4.49%、-4.47%和2.57%;土地利用类型之间的转变主要为滩涂向农业用地、养殖场、绿地和水体转变,农业用地向水产养殖场、居住用地和绿地转变,水体向农业用地、水产养殖场和滩涂转变.社会经济的发展和政策引导是崇明岛东部土地利用变化的主要驱动因子.

Under the support of Geographic Information Systems （GIS） and by using the aerial photos of 1982 and 2000, this paper analyzed the land use change in the eastern part of Chongming Island in past two decades. The results showed that agricultural land, water body, aqua-farm and coastal wetland were the main landscape components, and the land area for non-agricultural use was increased. The overall land use diversified increasingly. Agricultural land, aqua-farm and green land increased by 4 050. 2, 2 566. 2 and 901.4 hm^2 , respectively, while coastal wetland decreased by 7 491.2 hm^2. Aqua-farm was the land-use type with the highest annual change rate （54. 6% ）, followed by green land （ 13.24% ） , traffic （4. 49% ） , coastal wetland （ -4. 47% ） and agricultural land （2. 57% ）. The primary transitions of land use types were from coastal wetland to agricultural land, aqua-farm, green land and water body, from agricultural land to aqua-farm, residential land and green land, and from water body to agricultural land, aqua-farm and coastal wetland. Rapid socioeconomic development and government decision-making were the driving forces of land use change in the eastern part of Chongming Island.