中国居民环境保护意愿的调查分析

Investigation and analysis of China residents' environmental conservation desire

调查了不同因素对我国居民环境态度的影响,从国家安全和农户意愿双重角度分析了我国生态环境保护政策的运行状况.结果表明:我国公民的生态环保意识普遍提高,公众的环保意识与经济收入的关系符合环境经济库兹涅茨(Kuznets)曲线.这主要是因为大部分贫困人口生活在环境恶劣的城市周边地区或环境严重退化的偏远山区,而城市化的快速发展也加剧了城市的环境恶化;通过年龄与环境态度的比较分析发现,我国居民对环境严重恶化的关切程度及对政府开展环境保护的支持力度增强;发展经济、强化教育、改善居民的生活质量是制定环境保护政策不可忽视的重要内容.

From the viewpoints of country＇s safety and residents＇ desire, this paper investigated and analyzed the factors affecting China residents＇ attitudes on environmental protection policies, and the implementing results of these polices. It was indicated that people have an enhanced consciousness on environmental protection, and the relations between this consciousness and economic growth fit Kuznets curve, because most of the poor people are living in the suburban or remote regions with bad or seriously degraded environment, while the fast development of urbanization accelerates the deterioration of urban environment. People are more concerned about environment deterioration, and support the governments＇ policies of environmental conservation. The environment policy-making should put more emphasis on developing economics, strengthening education, and improving residents＇ livelihood.