《现代汉语词典》第五版的改进及对进一步完善的期盼——兼谈“现汉学”的建立

The Improvement of the Fifth Edition of The Modern Chinese Dictionary and Our Expectation of Further Improvement

《现代汉语词典》第五版是问世40多年来多次修订中力度最大的一次。除了词目、释义、标注、例句外,对若干条"凡例"还作了重要修订,如词性标注、繁体字与异体字的区分、单音儿化词的区分、同形条目的甄别、离合词分立的取消等。为了进一步提高词典的编纂质量,还可以在两方面作出努力,一是加大词目的调整力度,使之更好地符合词典的性质、功能与规模。二是依据释义理论与规律,进一步提高释义的科学性、系统性。《现汉》的影响和价值已经超出辞书界,超出社会服务层面,正在进入学术研究的层面。对《现汉》的研究将大大有助于挖掘我国自身的语言文字资源,有助于形成立足于自身资源的理论体系,建立"现汉学,"必将加速这一学术愿景的提前实现。

The 5th edition of The Modern Chinese Dictionary has been the greatest in the efforts to have it revised since it was first published. Apart from the revision of the entries, definitions, indicators and sample sentences, important revisions have also been conducted in several Guides to Its Use, such as the indicator of the word class, the distinction between the original complex and its simplified forms of a character, the distinction between mono-syllabic words of suffixation of a non-syllabic r, the differentiation between homonymic entries and the deletion of the independententry arrangement of separable words. In order to further enhance the quality of compiling dictionaries, efforts may be tried in the following two aspects： 1） to make more adjustment of the entries so as to better adapt to the nature, function and the size of the dictionary; 2） to further increase the scientific-ness and systematic-ness in line with the theory of sense interpretation. Now, the influence and value of the MCD have already gone beyond the circles of lexicography and level of social service and onto the domain of academic research. The studies of the MCD are beneficial to the exploration of China＇s spoken and written language resources and to the formation of a theoretical system on the basis of the resources of its own so as to open up a theory of modern Chinese, the academic wish and prospect of which will surely be helped to come true ahead of time.