20世纪80年代以来端午节俗研究述评

Comments on the Customs of the Dragon Boat Festival since 1980's

20世纪80年代以来,关于端午节俗的研究成果丰硕。就端午起源而言,流行的主要有纪念屈原和伍子胥说、恶日说、夏至说和龙图腾祭祀说等;在端午仪式行为方面,侧重于对龙舟竞渡、食粽习俗的探析。在这里,思路的改变比问题本身的探讨更为重要。有许多学者在考察端午及其龙舟竞渡起源时,考虑到端午节俗内含的复杂要素,以"结构性探源"代替以往"纵向性探源"的思考模式,更有益于认识区域文化特色。事实上,无论是节俗本身,还是与之相关的历史探究、区域研究和文化意义阐释,都需要我们以新兴社会史的视角重新考量。

Since 1980＇s, the research in the customs of the Dragon Boat Festival have borne fruit. As to its origin, popular opinions are mainly about commemoration of Qu Yuan and Wu Zixu, exorcizing the evil, t of the summer solstice, the dragon totem worship and so on. On its rituals＇side, studies mainly focus on the dragon boat race and eating rice dumpling. Here, the change of thinking model is more important than the problem itself. When some scholars studied the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival and the dragon boat race, they have considered the complex essential factors of the Dragon Boat Festival by taking the thinking model of ＂structural origin＂ instead of ＂vertical origin＂, which was more beneficial to understand regional cultural characteristics. In fact, we need to rethink in a new social historical perspective, regardless of festival itself or its historical inquisition, regional research and cultural significance.