试论国家单方法律行为的若干基本问题

On Basic Questions of Unilateral Legal Acts of States

国家单方法律行为是"国家意图单方引起国际法上的后果的行为";"国家单方法律行为既是国家义务的渊源又是国际法的渊源";由于单方法律行为和条约同属国家的法律行为,它们的效力根据应当是相同的,国家意志、善意原则、基本规范、习惯法、一般法律原则等都可以作为其效力根据的解释。

In the fist place, we elaborate the definition of the unilateral legal acts of States, and in our opinion, they are ＂unilateral acts conducted by States with the intention to produce legal effects in the regime of international law＂ ;secondly ,we examine the essences of unilateral legal acts of States, and put forward that ＂unilateral legal acts of States are not only sources of international obligations, but sources of international law＂, and then prove this point of view through the comparison between formal unilateral legal acts of States and substantial unilateral legal acts of States ;lastly, we talk about the legal basis of the bound nature of unilateral legal acts of States, and we believe that unilateral legal acts of States and treaties have the same bound basis, and we could find the answer from the will of States, principle of good faith, basic norm, customary international law or general principle of law.