下腔静脉口和肝静脉入口的间距及其临床意义

The distance between the orifice of inferior vena cava and that of hepatic vein and its clinical significance

目的：为在心脏外科手术体外循环中插入下腔静脉导管的最佳长度提供解剖学基础。方法：用游标卡尺测量１０１例成人尸体的下腔静脉口和肝静脉入口之间的距离。结果：下腔静脉口和最高一条肝静脉入口上缘的间距为２０．３±５．２ｍｍ；下腔静脉口和最低一条肝静脉入口下缘的间距为４０．７±７．２ｍｍ。这两个间距的测量值相比，有显著性差异（ｔ检验Ｐ＜０．００１）。最高一条肝静脉入口上缘和最低一条肝静脉入口下缘的间距为２０．３±７．１ｍｍ。结论：心脏外科手术体外循环时，插入下腔静脉内的导管２０ｍｍ长，能使肝静脉血引流畅通。

Objective:To provide a anatomic basis for the most suitable length of the tube inserted into inferior vena cava when the external circulation is necessary during cardiac surgical operation.Methods:The distance between the orifice of inferior vena cava and that of hepatic vein was measured with vernier calliper in 101 adult cadavers.Results:The distance between the orifice of inferior vena cava and the superior margin of the orifice of the highest hepatic vein was 20.3±5.2 mm;and its distance to the inferior margin of the orifice of the lowest hepatic vein was 40.7±7.2 mm.Those two distances was significantly different (P<0.001).However, the distance between the superior margin of the orifice of the highest hepatic vein and inferior margin of the orifice of the lowest hepatic vein was 20.3±7.1 mm.Conclusions:The best length of the tube inserted into the inferior vena cava should be 20 mm and this length would facilitate the blood circulation of the hepatic vein.