寰齿侧关节的观测及其临床意义

The morphology and clinical significance of the lateral atlantodental joint

目的：确定有无寰齿侧关节存在。方法：对１０５例寰椎骨性标本上的侧块内侧结节和侧块内侧关节面进行了观测，并对９例男性新鲜尸体观察验证。结果：在１０５例寰椎骨性标本上，侧块内侧结节出现率为６２．９％，侧块内侧关节面出现率为２４．８％；尸体标本观察，全部均有寰齿侧关节存在，组织学证实为滑膜关节，关节腔与寰齿后关节腔相通连。结论：寰齿侧关节出现率颇高，寰齿后关节应包括恒定的寰齿侧关节。

Objective:To determine wether there is a lateral atlantodental joint between the dens and the transverse ligament.Methods:The tubercle of lateral mass and medial articulate surface were observed and measured in 105 atlases,histological identification were carried out in 9 cases fresh atlantoaxis.Results:The tubercular mass could be found in 62.9% subjects and 24.8% subjects exhibited medial articulate surface.The lateral atlantodental joint could be found in all 9 fresh atlantoaxis and it was proved to be a synovial joint through histological examination and its articulate cavity was communicated with that of dorsal atlantodental joint.The incidence of this joint was very high.Conclusions:There is a lateral atlantodental joint between the dens and the transverse ligament.The dorsal atlantodental joint should included this constant lateral atlatodental joint which unfortunately is not recorded in the literature and textbook.