舌血管构筑及计量学研究

Meteorological study of the vascular architecture of tongue

目的：通过对舌血管的观察和计量，为舌下络脉诊，舌瓣提供形态学依据。方法：墨汁灌注，用手术放大镜、显微镜观察人舌血管的构筑，并用Ｑｕａｎｔｉｍｅｔ５２０＋型图像分析仪对舌各种乳头，舌粘膜肌层、舌肌的血管进行计量学研究。结果：单位面积内轮廓乳头的血管密度大于菌状和丝状乳头；舌肌的血管也明显丰富于舌粘膜肌层。结论：舌静脉的回流主要通过舌下神经伴行静脉，该静脉也是舌下络脉诊主要观察的对象。舌粘膜两侧血管吻合丰富，用舌粘膜肌瓣修复扁桃体窝，磨牙后区等特定的解剖部位有其他瓣无法代替的优点。

Objective:The observation and measurements of the vessels in the tongues may provide anatomy basis for the lingual flap design and the hypoglossal choroid diagnosis.Methods:The vessels of tongue was perfused with Indian ink,its vascular architecture was observed under the operating magnifier and microscope.The vessels of various papillae,muscular lamina of mucosa and tongual muscle were measured with the 'Quantimet 520+' image analyzer.Results:Within and unit area,the density of vessels in vallate papillae are higher than that in fangiform and filiform papillae,and the vessels in the tongual muscle are obviously richer than in muscular lamina of mucosa.Conclusions:The drainage of tongual veins is mainly through the veins that accompany the hypoglossal nerve,which are also the constanly observing veins for hypoglossal choroid diagnosis.Because there are plenty of anastomotic blood vessels in both sides of tongual mucosa,it is quite suitable for repairing some special part,such as the tonsillar fossa and retromolar space with the muscular flap of tongual mucosa.