白细胞介素-13对成年人支气管哮喘的影响

The effects of interleukin-13 in adult asthma

目的通过检测白细胞介素（IL）-13浓度及其变化，探讨它在成人支气管哮喘（哮喘）发病机制中的意义，同时检测IL-10、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α浓度，探讨它们与IL-13的相互关系。方法以31例哮喘患者（哮喘组）及9例健康者（对照组）作为研究对象。采集诱导痰及外周血标本，制作成涂片进行细胞学分析；用酶联免疫吸附法测定IL-13、TNF-α及IL-10浓度。结果哮喘组血清IL-13浓度高于对照组[分别为（89．88±36．75）ng／L和（27．03±12．19）ng／L，P〈0．01]，诱导痰中浓度也高于对照组[分别为（69．14±24．48）ng／L和（18．74±8．87）ng／L，P〈0．01]，且血清中的浓度高于诱导痰中的浓度（P〈0．05）；激素使用患者诱导痰中浓度比非激素使用患者低（P〈0．05），诱导痰中IL-13浓度与嗜酸粒细胞百分比呈显著正相关（r=0．54，P〈0．05）。哮喘组诱导痰中TNF-α及IL-10浓度均较对照组高[TNF-α分别为（66．32±18．74）ng／L和（5．36±6．86）ng／L，P〈0．01；IL-10分别为（118．08±55．17）ng／L和（5．66±8．03）ng／L，P〈0．05]。哮喘组中，发作期诱导痰中IL-10浓度高于稳定期浓度（P〈0．05）。轻度哮喘患者诱导痰中TNF-α浓度与重度哮喘患者比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论IL-13是与哮喘发病病理过程相关的细胞因子，与嗜酸粒细胞的活动关系密切，参与哮喘气道炎性反应及气道高反应性的发生，哮喘患者在激素治疗后其浓度降低。

Objectives To measure the concentration of interleukin （IL）-13 and its changes,and discuss the meanings in the mechanism of asthma onset. At the same time,to measure the concentration of IL-10,tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-alpha to investigate the correlation between IL-13 ,IL-10 and TNF-alphst. Methods Thirty-one cases with asthma （asthma group） and 9 healthy objects （control group） were observed in this research. The samples of induced sputum and peripheral blood were collected. The smear samples were used for cellula-analysis,and the supernate were collected for measurement of IL-13 ,IL-10 and TNF-alpha later. Results The IL-13 concentration in serum from asthma group was higher than that in control group [（89.88 ± 36.75） ng/L vs （27.03 ± 12.19） ng/L,P 〈 0.011. And this also occures in induced sputum [ （69.14 ± 24.48） ng/L vs（ 18.74 ± 8.87 ） ng/L,P 〈 0.01 ]. The concentration of IL-13 in serum was higher than that in induced sputum （P 〈 0.05）. But in induced sputum from steroid therapy group, it showed a significant lower level than that in none steroid therapy group. The IL-13 concentration in induced sputum correlated to the percentages of eosinophil （r = 0.54,P 〈 0.05）. In asthmatic group,the concentration of TNF-alpha and IL-10 were increased significantly compared with those in control group [TNF-alpha： （66.32 ± 18.74） ng/L vs （5.36 ± 6.86） ng/L,P〈 0.01 ,and IL-10： （ 118.08 ± 55.17） ng/L vs （5.66 ± 8.03） ng/L,P 〈 0.05 ]. When the asthma exacerbated ,the IL-10 concentration was higher than that in stable status significantly （P 〈 0.05 ）. The TNF-alpha concentration in mild patients was higher than that in severe ones （P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions IL-13 is a cytokine that correlate with the pathological mechanism of asthma exacerbation, and relate to eosinophil＇s actions closely. It participates in the mechanisms of airway-inflammations and hyper-responsiveness. After steroid therapy, its concentration decreases.