福建省坡地资源利用与山区农村经济发展研究

Researches into Sloping Land Resources Utilization and the Rural and Economic Development in the Mountainous Areas of Fujian Province

福建省山地丘陵面积占全省总面积87.5%,坡地资源具有水热资源丰富、生产潜力高,类型多、结构、格局复杂,但水土流失严重,地力水平低,自然灾害频发等特点.坡地资源在福建山区农村经济中占有重要地位,是保障粮食安全和重要的林业生产基地,也是种植果、经作物,增收富民的重要资源.福建省坡地资源利用中林业面积占比例最大;耕地绝大部分分布在山区丘陵区;果、茶园地基本分布在坡地,占有相当比例,仍有很大发展潜力.实现福建省坡地资源可持续利用,确保农村经济稳定发展,首先要以林业为重点的山地综合治理,其次要整治侵蚀坡地果园,第三要调整产业结构,实现农林牧综合发展,此外,还要加强坡地资源利用方面法制建设和动态监测.

The sloping land resources, which accounts for 87.5 percent of the land area in Fujian Province, feature not only in the rich water and heat reserve, the potential high - yield, multi - type and com- plicated structure, but also in the severe soil erosion, land deficiency and frequent natural calamities. Since the sloping land resources dominate in the rural and economy in the mountainous areas of Fujian Province, it is of great importance to secure the corps production, to ensure the vital forest product bases as well as to guard the production of fruits and cash corps that increases the revenues of farmers. In Utilization of the sl- oping land resources of Fujian Province, the forest land takes a large percentage;most of the farming land is distributed in the hills of the mountain areas;orchards and tea farms are basically spread over the sloping land. Therefore, it has great potential to further exploit the sloping land resources. This thesis aims at the sustainable development of the sloping land resources in Fujian Province and the stable economic growth in rural areas. First, it is vital to administer the mountain areas, especially the forests, in a comprehensive way. Second, the erosion of the sloping land orchards must be rectified. Third, the setup of production should be readjusted to achieve the coordinated development of agriculture, forestry, and animal husbandry. Furthermore, the legal system and the dynamic supervision should be fortifed so as to enhance the utiliza- tion of the sloping land resources.