生物柴油项目的生命周期评价

Life cycle assessment on biodiesel production

应用生命周期评价(LCA)方法,以大豆制取生物柴油项目为研究对象,对大豆的种植、豆杆发电、豆油炼制、生物柴油制取、各段运输和生物柴油燃烧排放等6个子过程进行了清单分析,并分别计算出其能耗和对环境的影响。结果表明:每kg豆油制取生物柴油,对环境的总影响负荷为9.69毫人当量;生物柴油制取对环境影响主要为CO2排放,全球变暖的影响占据首位;过程中整个系统共从环境吸收CO222.264 kg,向环境释放CO222.527 kg。得到生物柴油项目在减少温室气体排放上能起积极作用,与柴油相比生物柴油是一种环境友好项目的结论。

Six stages of the project of producing biodiesel by soybean such as soybean planting, soy-straw power generation, soybean oil refining, biodiesel production, the transportation and biodiesel combustion emission are analyzed by LCA. The energy consumption and the impact on environment in each stage are also collected and calculated. The results show that the total load of the impact on environment is 9.69 mPET. The main impact on environment by producing biodiesel is from the carbon dioxide emission, which also brings much impact on global warming. 1 kg of soybean oil can absorb 22. 264 kg then release 22.527 kg of carbon dioxide. It can be found that the projects of producing biodiesel are positive in reducing the emission of greenhouse gases, and friendly to the environment.