清代宾兴礼考述

On the Binxing Ceremony in Qing Dynasty

宾兴礼是盛行于清代全国各地的一种科举典礼,主要是指府州县级别的地方官举行宴会送别科举生员。目前尚未发现明代曾举行宾兴礼的记载。宾兴礼的最早源头是周代乡饮酒礼。唐宋以来州军地方官举行的乡饮酒礼逐渐与科举典礼混行。明代初年乡饮酒礼被割断了与科举制的关联,导致在清代宾兴礼演化成一种成熟的地方性科举典礼。

The Binxing ceremony, which was hold by the prefecture or county government, is a kind of Keju ceremony allover the country in Qing Dynasty. No other account had been found till now showing that it had been hold in Ming Dynasty. The earliest source of Binxing ceremony is the Xiangyinjiu ceremony in Zhou Dynasty. In Tang and Song Dynasty, the Xiangyinjiu and Keju ceremony were hold fixedly by the local governments. The connection between those two ceremonies were cut off in the early Ming Dynasty, which makes the Binxing ceremony developed into a ripe local Keju ceremony in Qing Dynasty.