基于FLUENT的迷宫密封机理研究

Study on the Characteristics of Labyrinth Seal Based on the Software FLUENT

针对影响迷宫密封泄漏特性的三个因素:间隙宽度、齿型夹角以及空腔深宽比,计算了不同结构的内部流场,探讨了各因素对泄漏特性的影响,分析了密封机理。结果表明:迷宫密封的泄漏量随间隙的增大而增大,并得到满足泄漏量条件的最大间隙宽度cmax≈0.57mm;在一定深宽比下,存在最佳齿型角度,随着压比的增加,最佳齿型角度的影响加大;空腔深度和空腔宽度之间存在最佳匹配关系,且空腔深宽比不随间隙宽度的变化而变化。

The characteristics of labyrinth seal were studied by using CFD software FLUENT. The relationships among the characteristics of flow and the parameters, such as the width of clearance, the angle and the ratio of the cavity depth and width, were discussed. The characteristics of seal were also analyzed. The results show that the leakage of labyrinth seal increases with the increase of the width of clearance. It considers that the characteristics of labyrinth seal has no effect when the relative leakage between the labyrinth seal and the annular clearance with the same clearance as the former is up to 70 %. The clearance in this way is taken as the maximum clearance c which is about 0.57mm. The optimal angle exists when the ratio of the depth and width is certain. The optimal angle is the critical angle. With the increase of the total pressure ratio, the effect of the optimal angle on the leakage is greater. There is optimal matching relationship between the ratio of the cavity depth and width, which does not change with the variety of the clearance.