英语研究论文的及物性结构与论文交际目标的实现

Transitivity in Research Articles and the Realization of Communicative Aims:A Genre Analysis Perspective

研究论文是表达科研成果并被特定语篇社团所认可的一种学术交流机制。一篇基于实验方法的论文常由四大部分组成:引言、方法、结果和讨论。由于交际目的不同,四大部分呈现出不同的语言特点和作者为"推销"成果所作的种种修辞努力。本研究以系统功能语言学和语类理论为框架,分析论文的及物性结构,探析语言体现与语篇社团、论文交际目标的关系,语言体现在不同学科论文中的差异。语料选自心理学科和材料学科。分析结果表明论文四大部分所展示的语言特征显示了作者既需要客观报告研究成果又必须采取各种语言手段来"推销"成果,语言选择体现了论文总体的交际目标和论文四大部分各自的交际目的,这些选择受制于语篇社团的文化和规约。

The research article （RA） is an institutionalized mechanism for the presentation and dissemination of knowledge in a specific discourse community, An RA based on an experimental method is often comprised of four sections, i.e. Introduction, Method, Results and Discussion. With specific goals, these sections are different in degrees of impersonality and in the rhetorical efforts RA authors make to promote their research. Using the principles of Systemic Functional Linguistics and genre analysis, this study attempts to examine features of transitivity which characterize different sections of an RA. It further probes into the relationships between these features and the intended communicative goals of these sections. The data for analysis come from RAs in psychology and materials science. The results show that the linguistic features of an RA represent a tension between authors＇ effort to report objectively on their findings and their intention to promote their research. The authors＇ choice of language is made in accordance with the communicative goals of the respective four sections, and is constrained by the culture and conventions of the discourse community.