论英语情态动词道义情态的主现性

The Subjectivity of Deontic Modality Expressed by English Modals

英语情态动词的意义是主观的还是中立的(主观或客观取决于语境)?对于这个问题,语言学家的回答不尽相同。本文试图通过论证英语情态动词道义情态的主观性来证明情态动词内在隐含的主现性。本文认为:情态动词的意义并不与归一性直接相连,中间还隔着非情态动词情态表达式表示的客观情态和所谓的评价情态。与这些客观意义相比,尤其是与实义动词表示的零情态断言或陈述相比,情态动词总是主观的。本文还对6位学者有关情态动词主/客观情态的观点进行了评析,并从不同的语法视角时情态动词的意义进行分析,在肯定了功能语法和认知语法情态阐释力长处的同时,也指出了它们各自的不足。

Are English modal verbs inherently subjective or neutral （ compatible with either a subjective or an objective interpretation depending on the context）？ Different linguists have different answers. The paper attempts to prove the subjectivity implicit in English mndals by demonstrating the subjectivity of Deontic modality expressed by modal verbs, The paper argues that the meanings of modals are still some distance away from polarity with the obj^tive modalities of non-auxiliary modal expressions and so-called evaluation modality in between. Compared with these objective meanings, especially with the non-modal assertions or statements expressed by lexical verbs English modals are unambiguously subjective. The paper also critically comments on 6 linguists＇ academic views about the subjective / objective modality distinction as well as both functional and cognitive analyses of modality and modal verbs.