三亚湾海域关键水质因子的监测与评价

Monitoring and Analysis of Key Water Quality Parameters in Sanya Bay

于2005—2006年的枯水期与丰水期对三亚湾海域进行监测,布设了3个断面和7个监测站位,对盐度、pH、无机氮(NO2-N、NO3-N、NH4-N)、无机磷(PO4-P)、活性硅酸盐(SiO3)、油类、化学耗氧量(COD)、溶解氧(DO)、叶绿素a(Chl.a)、粪大肠菌群等水质因子进行了现场监测与实验室分析.结果表明:三亚湾大部分监测站点的水质状况良好,优于Ⅱ类海水的水质标准;受陆源径流的影响,三亚河口、三亚港邻近的1号监测点的水质较差,主要受到无机磷、油类、粪大肠菌群的污染;营养盐(无机氮、无机磷、活性硅酸盐)、COD、粪大肠菌群受陆源物质的影响,近岸监测值高于远岸监测值,湾东侧的监测值高于西侧的监测值;三亚河对三亚湾的水质变化影响较大.

During the dry and rainfall periods of 2005 to 2006, fieldwork measurements and laboratory measurement were used to determine the environmental factors from seven monitoring stations in three transects, including salinity, Oil, pH, inorganic nitrogen （ NO2-N, NO3-N, NH4-N） , inorganic phosphorus （ PO4-P） , active silicate（SiO3） , DO, COD, chlorophyll, a, and coliformin. The results showed that water quality in Sanya Bay was a measure of recognition and sized up the requirement of ocean function divisions. As affected by terrestrial resources, the water quality was relative poor in the number 1 station which was close to the Sanya Bay and the Sanya River estuary. And the measured values of nutrients, COD, coliformin were higher in coastal than that of pelagic ocean, and higher in the South than the West Bay. Furthel^ore, the water quality in Sanya Bay was significantly affected by Sanya River.