长寿老人慢性疾患对日常生活功能影响的Logistic回归分析

IMPACT OF CHRONIC DISORDERS ON ACTIVITY OF DAILY LIVING OF THE LOGEVITY ELDERLY

[目的]了解都江堰长寿老人慢性疾患现状及对日常生活功能的影响,为探讨健康老龄化、健康长寿的可能原因提供依据。[方法]采用整群抽样方法,对870名90岁以上长寿老人慢性疾患及日常生活功能状况进行了现况调查。[结果]调查对象平均年龄94岁,慢性疾患的患病率为91.4%,48.7%同时患有3种以上慢性疾患,主要慢性疾患是耳疾患,跌倒,眼疾患,骨关节炎、呼吸系统疾患和消化系统疾患。34.3%的长寿老人基本日常生活功能受损。多因素逐步logistic分析显示,骨折、大小便失禁和呼吸系统疾患可能是长寿老人基本日常生活功能损害的独立危险因素(P﹤0.05)。[结论]慢性疾患和日常生活功能受损均是影响长寿老人健康长寿的主要问题。加强慢性疾患的防治,有利于改善长寿老人的日常生活功能水平,减少残疾率。

[Objective]To describe the distribution of chronic disorders and its impacts on basic activity of daily livings（BADL）of the longevity elderly in Du-jiangyan area and try to provide some references for healthy aging and healthy longevity in the elderly.[Methods]870 elderly aged 90 years and over were surveyed with questionnaires involving chronic disorders and BADL.[Results]The average age for the studied population was 94 years old.The prevalence rate of chronic disorders was 91.4% in this population.Of them,48.79% of the elderly reported three or more chronic disorders.The most prevalent disorders were hearing problems,fall,vision problems,osteoarthritis,respiratory problems and digestive problems.Regarding functional status,the prevalence of functional disability in BADL was 34.3% in the longevity elderly.After adjusting for sociodemograhic factors and comorbidity,fracture,incontinence and hearing problems were identified to be independently associated with functional disability in BADL（P﹤0.05）.[Conclusions]Chronic disorders and functional disability in BADL were still the major factors affecting the healthy longevity in the elderly.Reinforcement of the prevention and treatment of chronic disorders is good for the improvement of BADL in the longevity people.