沈阳市居民结核病防治知识知晓率调查分析

INVESTIGATION ON THE AWARENESS OF TUBERCULOSIS IN SHENYANG

[目的]了解我市居民接受结核病宣传教育和对结核病防治知识获取渠道情况。[方法]利用"3.24结核病防治日"在繁华街区开展大型义诊宣传活动的契机,于现场对行人进行结核病防治知晓率与获取渠道调查。[结果]在我们回收的302份有效问卷中,知道结核病有咳嗽,咯痰或咯血症状的占75.83%,认为痰菌阳性患者能传染的占40.40%,认为结核病主要通过呼吸道传播的占74.17%,了解结核病知识的渠道:通过广播、电视了解的占38.41%、卫生宣传了解的占16.89%、报刊、杂志上了解的占15.89%,学校教育了解的占14.9%。其他途径了解的占13.9%。[结论]我市居民结核病防治知晓率与国家规划目标要求还有差距,结核病防治知识获取渠道有多个方面,应通过不同渠道来加强结核病健康教育工作。

[Objective]To understand how the inhabitants accept the knowledge about preventing and controlling tuberculosis by propaganda and education.[Methods]On＂3.24 tuberculosis prevent and control day＂,a large-scale free medical treatment propaganda activity was carried out in busy blocks,and at the same time the awareness rates of how to prevent and control tuberculosis and the channels throngh which the pedestrian get theses knowledge were explored.[Results]Of the 302 recruited effective questionnaires,the interviewee knowing the tuberculosis symptoms such as cough,cough with sputum or blood accounted for 75.83%,knowing sputum-positive patients were infectable accounted for 40.40%,and knowing tuberculosis was mainly disseminated through respiratory tract accounted for 74.17%.The channels through which to get the tuberculosis knowledge were broadcasting and television,which accounted for 38.4%,whereas 16.89%,15.8% and 14.9% respectively,through health propaganda,publication and magazines,school educatian and other ways（13.9%）.[Conclusion]The awareness rate of preventing and controlling tuberculosis should be improved among our inhabitants compared to the goal required by the national TB program.The channels to get knowledge about tuberculosis have many aspects,and we should strengthen health education on tuberculosis through different channels.