丙酮重结晶超细化NTO的晶形及粒度控制研究

Study on Preparing Superfine NTO by Recrystallization in Acetone

采用丙酮重结晶超细化NTO方法,将NTO溶于丙酮,通过快速真空蒸馏使NTO重结晶。研究了不同温度、真空度、溶液浓度等因素对重结晶NTO晶形和粒度的影响,并用热力学和动力学理论进行了分析。结果认为:温度、真空度和溶液浓度通过影响溶液过饱和度而影响NTO的粒径,同时温度是决定NTO晶形的主要因素。利用扫描电镜(SEM)和动态光散射法(SDP)对结果进行表征,其平均粒径小于1μm,粒度分布均匀,为立方型NTO晶体。撞击感度试验表明超细化后NTO的撞击感度明显降低。该细化过程简单、环境友好。

NTO was superfined with the process of recrystallization in acetone by fast distillation.The crystal shape and grain size of NTO were studied by changing temperature, pressure and solution concentration. Thermodynamics and kinetics were analyzed. Temperature, pressure and solution concentration had an effect on the grain size of NTO in virtue of changing the degree of super saturation of NTO solution. And the temperature is the dominant factor to confirm crystal shape of NTO. Characterized by SEM and SDP, the mean diameter of NTO is smaller than lima and its crystal is cubic. The impact test result show that the impact sensitivity of NTO is decreased after superfine.The preparing superfine NTO process is an cleaning and time-saving and very smaller particle size explosive manufacturing process.