高糖低脂膳食对健康大学生血清apoAⅠ和apoB100水平及apoAⅠ/apoB100的影响

Changes of Apolipoprotein AⅠ,B100 and apoAⅠ/apoB100 Induced by HC/LF Diet in Healthy University Students

高脂血症是典型的多因素、多基因疾病.为探讨青年人性别、体质指数(BMI)与高糖低脂膳食之间的相互作用及其与血清脂质、载脂蛋白apoAⅠ,apoB100及apoAⅠ/apoB100的关系,本研究招募了27名男性(22.96±1.95岁)及29名女性(22.83±1.67岁)健康大学生志愿者,给予7d平衡膳食和6d高糖低脂膳食,分别在第1d,第8d及第14d晨取空腹血,测定血清甘油三脂(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、葡萄糖(Glu)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、非低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(NLDL-C)、apoAⅠ及apoB100,计算低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)含量和apoAⅠ/apoB100比值.组分分析发现,高糖低脂膳食后,TG、HDL-C显著升高(P<0.01),TC、LDL-C显著降低(P<0.001).同时,apoAⅠ及apoAⅠ/apoB100显著增加(P<0.05),apoB100没有明显变化.性别分组分析发现,高糖低脂膳食后,男性apoAⅠ/apoB100显著增加(P<0.05),apoAⅠ、apoB100没有显著改变;女性apoAⅠ、apoB100、apoAⅠ/apoB100均无显著变化.BMI分组分析发现,在14≤BMI<19、19≤BMI<23和23≤BMI<29三组中,仅14≤BMI<19组apoAⅠ(P<0.05)及apoAⅠ/apoB100(P<0.01)显著升高.但男性14≤BMI<19组和23≤BMI<29组apoAⅠ显著增加(P<0.05),19≤BMI<23组apoB100则显著降低(P<0.05),apoAⅠ/apoB100在14≤BMI<19组和19≤BMI<23组显著增加(P<0.01).而女性仅在14≤BMI<19组apoAⅠ/apoB100显著增高(P<0.05).结果表明,在健康大学生中,性别、BMI、高糖低脂膳食之间的相互作用在高糖诱导的高甘油三酯血症血清apoAⅠ,apoB100及apoAⅠ/apoB100的改变中起着重要的作用.

To investigate the effects of high-carbohydrate/low-fat （HC/LF） diet on the levels of serum apolipoprotein A Ⅰ（apoA Ⅰ）, apoB100 and apoA Ⅰ/apoB100 ratio of healthy young subjects with different gender and different body mass index （BMI）,56 healthy university students （27 males at the age of 22.96±1.95 years and 29 females at the age of 22.83±1.67 years）were recruited. After 7 days of regular diet, they received HC/LF diet for 6 days. In the morning of the 1 st, the 8 th, and the 14 th day, the height and the body weight of each subject were measured, and fasting venous blood samples were taken. Serum triglyceride （TG）, total cholesterol （TC）, glucose （Glu）, high density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）, non low density lipoprotein cholesterol （NLDL-C）, apoA Ⅰ, and apoB100 were measured. Low density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） and apoA Ⅰ/apoB100 ratio were calculated. After HC/LF diet, TG （ P 〈 0.01 ）, HDL-C （ P 〈 0.01）, apoA Ⅰ（P 〈 0.05）, and apoA Ⅰ/apoB100 ratio （ P 〈 0.05） increased. TC and LDL-C decreased （P 〈 0.001 ）. When analyzed by gender, apoA Ⅰ/apoB100 ratio of male subjects was much higher after HC/ LF diet than those before the diet （ P 〈 0.05 ）. When BMI was taken into account, apoA Ⅰ and apoA Ⅰ/ apoB100 ratio were much higher after HC/LF diet than those before the diet （P 〈 0.05 ） in the subjects with 14 ≤ BMI 〈 19. When analyzed by both gender and BMI, apoA Ⅰ increased significantly in males with 14 ≤ BMI〈 19 and 23 ≤ BMI 〈 29 （ P 〈 0.05）, while apoB100 decreased in males with 19 ≤ BMI 〈 23 （P 〈 0.05）. In males with 14 ≤ BMI 〈 19 and 19 ≤ BMI 〈 23, and females with 14 ≤ BMI 〈 19, apoA Ⅰ/apoB100 ratio increased significantly after HC/LF diet （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The results suggested that the interactions among gender, BMI, and HC/LF diet play important roles in the changes of the levels of apoA Ⅰ, apoB100, and apoA Ⅰ/apoB100 ratio in carbohydrate-induced hypertriglyceridemia.