甲烷部分氧化制合成气研究进展

Recent Development of Partial Oxidation of Methane to Synthesis Gas

甲烷部分氧化制合成气是高转化率、高选择性、高空速、低H2／CO比、温和的放热反应，它很有希望代替常规的水蒸汽重整法。部分氧化催化剂虽有三类，但有应用价值的是活性组分Ni、Rh、Pt等为主的负载型催化剂。在常压或低压、600～9000℃、CH4／O2比1．6～2．0、空速大于105h-1的条件下，催化剂显示了较高的活性和选择性。关于反应机理，Prette、Schmidt及buyevskaya分别提出了三个不同的模型。催化剂的表面积炭问题也是甲烷部分氧化制合成气反应中的重要研究课题。

Partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas is a promising alternative to conventional steam reforming due to its high conversion rate, high selectivity, high space velocity, low H2/CO ratio and mild exothermicity. Although there are three types of partial oxidation catalysts, only supported catalysts with active coponents of Ni, Rh , Pt etc. have the applicatin value. Under the conditions of normal or low pressure, 600 ～ 900℃, CH4/O2 of 1.6～2.0, space velocity>105h- 1, the catalysts have shown higher activity and selectivity . Prette, Schmidt and Buyerskaya respectively proposed three different models concerning reaction mechanism. The carbon formation on the surface of catalysts is also an important research field of partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas.