实践为“镜像”和“他者”去魅

Nature of the Mirror Theory and Others Revealed by Practice

拉康哲学在今天的哲学、心理学和文艺理论界影响广泛,但由于没能正确分析实践与意识的关系,导致其存在根本性缺陷。他以悲观极端的方式从反面证明了马克思的人的本质是社会关系总和的论断,但忽视了实践机制对人意识形成的根本建构作用,没有对他者的来源和本质作出合理解释。事实上,他者就是人类通过实践在社会历史中积淀的文化。由于其理论辩证性的缺失,他将实践结构中个体意识的建构单向绝对化,导致其理论构架没能走出主客二分的近代哲学构架,并隐含有价值悬设。事实上个体意识对人类文化的继承和发展的关系,是"小我"和"大我"在社会历史场域中的实践关系。

Laean＇s philosophy proves in the extreme pessimism manner that the nature of human is a thesis of social relations. But his theory ignores the practical mechanism basic construction which creates human＇s awareness and gives no reasonable explanations of the source and nature of others. Because of the lack of dialectical theory, he considers the construction of human awareness as a one - way process, leading to the result that his theory could not get out of Modem Philosophy structure and framework of subjective - objective dichotomy. In fact, the relationship in the inheritance of and the development of individual to human culture, is the relation between ＂Xiao Wo＂ and ＂Da Wo＂ in the social history field.