运动员过度训练后免疫功能变化及恢复的研究进展

Study of the Changes and Recover on Immunity Function of Overtraining on Athletes

过度训练是运动员训练中因安排不当造成的。长时间、大运动量、高强度的训练而缺乏足够的恢复以及社会、心理等因素都可以诱发过度训练。过度训练使机体免疫功能下降,引起免疫抑制现象,影响身体健康,增加机体感染病原体的机会。本文用文献综述的形式,从运动对免疫功能的影响、过度训练的概念、机制,各种免疫物质在过度训练后的变化及机制、免疫功能的恢复等方面进行阐述,以期为集训期运动员,特别是正在备战奥运会的运动健儿们在训练和恢复领域提供科学依据和参考。

Overtraining is caused by training improperly, such as a long-time high-strength training without recover sufficiently or several psychological and societal factors. Overtraining reduces the immunity function of athletes, causes immune inhibition and makes the body more easily infect pathogens. This review expounds emphatically the effect on the immunity function, the changes and mechanism of some kinds of immune substances after overtraining, the recover of immunity function and so on. The authors want to provide scientific evidences and reference to athletes during the period of pre-competition, expressly to athletes who are preparing for Olympic Games.