微环境对心肌干细胞动员和分化的影响

Effects of microenvironment on mobilization and differentiation of cardiac stem cell

在成体心脏和骨髓中存在多能性心肌干细胞（cardiac stemcell，CSC）。当心肌发生缺血坏死时，心肌局部微环境发生改变，在粒细胞集落刺激因子、基质细胞衍生因子、骨形态发生蛋白-2和胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ等各类因子的作用下，CSC可被动员至心肌缺血区，向心肌细胞、内皮细胞等定向分化，从而修复缺血坏死的心肌。因此，尝试改善心肌局部微环境对于CSC动员或移植治疗缺血性心脏病将具有重要意义。

Multipotential cardiac stem cells（CSCs） are found in bone marrow and heart of the adult. Ischemic injury could lead to the change of cardiac microenvironment that would result in the mobilization of CSCs to the ischemic region of the heart and subsequent differentiation into cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells for the repair of the damaged myocardium. Various factors in cardiac microenvironment, such as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, stromal cell-derived factor, bone morphogenetic protein-2, and insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ etc., play important roles in mobilization and differentiation of CSCs. Therefore, it may provide an potential alternative for the cure of ischemic heart diseases by attempting to regulate the microenvironment of the damaged myocardium.