胰岛素制剂及应用研究进展

Progress of insulin preparation and application

胰岛素类似物、吸人胰岛素、黏膜吸收胰岛素等新型胰岛素剂型和给药方式的研究，有助于减少或避免频繁的注射给药和更好地控制血糖。由于胰岛素口服或腹腔给药能模拟生理条件下胰岛素门脉系统传输过程，产生肝脏高于外周的胰岛素浓度差，更符合生理条件，因此研制口服胰岛素制剂和腹腔胰岛素给药系统仍是十分必要的，这对防止糖尿病并发症的发生具有重要意义。对多种胰岛素制剂和给药方法的研究进展进行了简要综述。

The developments of new insulin preparations such as insulin analog, inhaled insulin, mucosal insulin delivery systems, and routes of insulin administration, are helpful to reduce or avoid repeated injections and provide more benefits in blood glucose control. Since the oral and intraperitoneal routes of insulin administration can mimic the physiological portal rout of insulin delivery, which is associated with greater hepatic concentration/peripheral concentration ratio,development of new oral and intraperitoneal insulin delivery systems are required to improve glucose and lipid metabolism and lower the risk of diabetes complications. This article is going to review the recent advances in the related studies.