青春早期女童体力活动与骨量关系的研究

Association of physical activity with bone mass in premenarche Chinese girls

目的探讨体力活动与青春前期女童骨量的关系。方法采用双能 X 线骨密度测量仪测量年龄在(10±1)岁的194名青春早期女童全身、股骨颈、Ward 三角区和 L1-L4的骨密度(BMD)和骨矿物质含量(BMC),采用问卷和跟踪记录调查女童的体力活动和膳食钙摄入。结果日均承重和日均总体力活动能耗与上述位点 BMD 和 BMC 均显著正相关,而非承重体力活动与 BMD 和 BMC无显著相关。BMD 和 BMC 随着承重体力活动能耗增高而增高,平均能耗从950 kJ(227 kcal/d)增加到1737 kJ(415 kcal/d)时,各位点 BMC 增加17.5%～29.0%,BMD 增加8.8%～17.1%。结论青春前期女童适当增加体力活动量,尤其是承重体力活动量,有助于获得更多的骨量积累。

Objective To assess the association of physical activity with bone mass in premenarche girls. Methods Bone mineral density （BMD） and bone mineral content （BMC） at the whole body, femoral neck, Ward triangle and L1-L4 spine were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry （DXA） in 194 premenarche girls （ 10 ± 1, year）. Physical activity and dietary calcium intakes were assessed by using frequency questionnaire and diary. Results It was found that BMD and BMC were significantly and positively associated with weight-bearing physical activities （ WBPA ） （ P 〈 0.01 ）, total physical activities （TPA） （ P 〈 0. 01 ） rather than non-weight-bearing physical activity （ P 〉 0. 05 ） at all the studied bone sites （P 〈0.01 ）. Both BMC and BMD were tending to a better increase of WBPA. When WBPA increases from 227 to 415 （kcal/d）, mean BMC and BMD were increased in 17.5%--29. 0% and 8. 8%--17. 1%, respectively. Conclusion It should be helpful for premenarche girls to improve bone mass by increasing physical activities, especially weight-bearing physical activities.